Countries / South Korea
South Korea
Korea's AI Basic Act took effect on 22 Jan 2026 with high-impact AI, labelling and domestic-representative duties, but MSIT has deferred fines and investigations for at least a year.
Latest developments in South Korea
In force (3)
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AI Basic Act
Horizontal AI law with promotion measures plus obligations for 'high-impact' AI (risk management, explanations, user protection, human oversight, documentation), generative AI notice and labelling (deepfakes must be clearly recognisable), safety duties for high-compute models (≥10^26 FLOPs per decree), and domestic-representative duties for large foreign AI firms. An amendment (Act No. 21311, 20 Jan 2026) renamed the national committee the National AI Strategy Committee and expanded support measures, some effective 21 Jul 2026.
In forceEffective 22 Jan 2026 -
AI Basic Act Enforcement Decree
Presidential Decree No. 36053 implementing the AI Basic Act: defines high-impact AI criteria, labelling methods (machine-readable watermarks allowed for general outputs; deepfakes need human-recognisable labels), the compute threshold for safety duties, and domestic-representative thresholds (prior-year revenue ≥ KRW 1 trillion, AI-service revenue ≥ KRW 10 billion, or ≥ 1 million average daily Korean users).
In forceEffective 22 Jan 2026 -
AI & Data-Based Administration Act
Amends and renames the Data-Based Administration Act to create a legal basis for AI use across Korean public bodies: defines AI-based administration, creates AI and data administration officers, a shared AI platform for public institutions, and duties on agencies to train staff, ensure training-data quality and keep inventories of AI services.
In forceEffective 28 Aug 2026
What the rules require
Obligation types found across South Korea's instruments. Filled dot: imposed by a binding instrument. Ring: guidance only.
| Risk classification | AI Basic Act, AI Basic Act Enforcement Decree | |
| Transparency to users | AI Basic Act | |
| Labelling AI content | AI Basic Act, AI Basic Act Enforcement Decree | |
| Impact assessment | AI Basic Act, AI Basic Act Enforcement Decree | |
| Human oversight | AI Basic Act | |
| Data governance | AI & Data-Based Administration Act | |
| Frontier model safety | AI Basic Act, AI Basic Act Enforcement Decree | |
| Government use of AI | AI & Data-Based Administration Act | |
| Penalties | AI Basic Act, AI Basic Act Enforcement Decree |
Timeline
- AI & Data-Based Administration ActTook effect
- AI Basic Act Enforcement DecreeTook effect
- AI Basic ActTook effect
- AI Basic ActAdopted